A β-D-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAcβ) ligand equipped with an azide-functionalized linker through a pentyl spacer (systematic name for β-D-GalNAc-pentyl-azide). The terminal azide can be covalently coupled to alkyne partners via copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC), or to dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) and related strained alkynes using copper-free click chemistry, forming stable 1,2,3-triazole linkages. This compound enables the construction of hepatocyte-targeted therapeutics and research tools that exploit the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), which is highly expressed on liver hepatocytes and binds GalNAc-containing ligands with high affinity.
